#02: Zero-Carb and Carnivore Diet Critique with Ex-Carnivore Kyle Mamounis

00:00 - Music 04:42 - Introduction 06:22 - Kyle's brief background 07:36 - Defining of terms (e.g., zero-carb, carnivore, raw primal) 08:53 - Danny's motivation for talking to Kyle 10:25 - Super chats donated to Ray Peat and please block people in the chat if they're bugging you 11:10 - Kyle's background proper 19:26 - The raw paleo forum and eating raw meat 23:06 - When Kyle met Lex Rooker: https://zerocarbzen.com/2016/05/04/lex-rooker-the-unique-healing-power-of-an-all-raw-zero-carb-diet/ 26:50 - Kyle's work with The Ancestral Health Symposium 29:20 - Mamounis, Kyle J. (2017) "The Dangers of Fat Metabolism and PUFA: Why You Don’t Want to be a Fat Burner," Journal of Evolution and Health: Vol. 2: Iss. 1, Article 9. https://jevohealth.com/journal/vol2/iss1/9/ 29:45 - Kyle's transition away from the low-carb worldview 34:55 - Vindicating sugar for the historical record 27:23 - Danny's struggle with cognitive dissonance on the pro-obesity effects of sugar 40:15 - Who's more "scientific" carnivores or vegans? 44:20 - Entering the fat burning state 51:20 - Gluconeogenesis - "For non-ketotic low carb dieting, this energy substrate production may account for much of the observed weight loss; the process of gluconeogenesis from amino acids costs approximately 33% of the energy obtained in the oxidation of the resulting glucose [12]. Additionally, if the saturable urea system [13] is overwhelmed by amino acid derived ammonia, symptoms of hyperammonemia, or “rabbit starvation,” follow [14]. Even at a subclinical level, greater ammonia is a burden on kidney nephrons [15,16]." Mamounis, K.J. The Dangers of Fat Metabolism and PUFA: Why You Don’t Want to be a Fat Burner. Journal of Evolution and Health 2017 55:45 - Kyle's experience on forums ('sometimes the most immature voices are the loudest') 59:20 - Danny thinks "extreme" diets can be motivated by the stress of an unsolved problem 01:00:45 - The long-term physiology associated with fat burning (reduced carbon dioxide) 01:12:10 - Vitamin K is used in proportion to the concentration of carbon dioxide 01:15:40 - Using a preferred nutritional idea to justify any physiological event as positive 01:20:20 - Carbon dioxide regulates the ion and water concentration inside and outside the cell 01:22:28 - Active thyroid hormone (T3), carbon dioxide, temperature, and pulse  01:23:26 - Is low thyroid good for longevity ("rate of living theory")? 01:27:19 - Stress-induced "insulin resistance" 01:32:03 - Low-carb metabolism is a "remix" of starvation and diabetes 01:33:35 - PUFA is a mitochondrial toxin that is stored in a person's tissues 01:36:35 - Are the "essential" fatty acids essential? 01:41:00 - Question: what are practical ways to deplete the body of PUFA? 01:44:29 - Question: what are your views on fasting and autophagy? 01:48:24 - Question: what is your view on hormesis? 01:54:54 - Question: what is your view on dairy? 01:56:53 - Question: how can you reverse insulin resistance? 01:59:56 - Question: what do you think about ketogenic/carnivore success stories? 02:07:00 - Question: what is Kyle's food/supplement routine at the moment? 02:12:33  - Question: what do you think about the sodium/potassium cellular pump idea?