英语新闻丨专家称全球变暖导致我国气温高于平均水平

Global warming is the primary reason for China recording above-average temperatures, a meteorological expert said, as data showed that 2024 was the warmest year since 1961, when the country began compiling complete meteorological observation records.气象专家表示，全球变暖是导致我国气温高于平均水平的主要原因。数据显示，2024年是我国自1961年开始编纂完整观测记录以来最暖的一年。The nation's average temperature reached 10.92 C last year, 1.03 C higher than the historical average, making it the warmest year on record, according to the China Meteorological Administration.据中国气象局介绍，去年我国平均气温达到10.92℃，较历史平均值偏高了1.03℃，成为有记录以来最暖的一年。Data from Weather China, the public weather service center of the CMA, shows that the average temperatures recorded across all provincial-level regions on the Chinese mainland last year ranked among the highest temperatures recorded during the top four warmest years in the country's observation history.中国气象局公共气象服务中心“中国天气网”的数据显示，去年我国大陆所有省级行政区的平均气温均位列我国观测史上最高气温记录的前四名。The past four years were actually China's top four warmest years, while the country's top 10 warmest years have all been recorded in the 21st century, according to Weather China.据中国天气网称，过去四年实际上是我国历史上最热的四年，而我国历史上前十暖的年份全都出现在21世纪。"Global warming has led to phenomena such as rising sea levels and glacier melt, which continue to impact China. For instance, it has significantly increased the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, resulting in more frequent and prolonged heat waves while reducing the occurrence of cold events," said Shi Ying, a researcher at the National Climate Center.国家气候中心研究员石英表示：“全球变暖导致海平面上升、冰川融化等现象，持续影响中国。例如，它显著增加了极端气候事件的频率和强度，导致热浪事件更频繁、更持久，同时减少了寒潮事件的发生。”Natural climate variability such as the El Nino phenomenon—the unusual warming of water surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean—has also played a role in rising temperatures.自然气候变率，如厄尔尼诺现象（即太平洋海面温度异常升高），也在气温上升中发挥了作用。"During the decaying phase of an El Nino event, typically the following year, global average temperatures tend to rise, potentially increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events and magnifying global warming," Shi said.石英说：“在厄尔尼诺事件消退阶段，通常是次年，全球平均气温往往会上升，可能会增加极端气候事件的频率和强度，加剧全球变暖。”The El Nino event, which began in May 2023, has continued to influence China, contributing to its above-average temperatures last year, she added.她补充说，始于2023年5月的厄尔尼诺事件已持续影响中国，助长了去年高于平均水平的气温。On Dec 30, the World Meteorological Organization also announced that 2024 is set to be the warmest year on record, capping a decade of unprecedented heat fueled by human activities.12月30日，世界气象组织也宣布，2024年将成为有记录以来最热的一年，标志着人类活动引发的前所未有的高温十年达到顶峰。In his recent New Year's message, United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said the world has "endured a decade of deadly heat", with 2024 capping 10 years of unprecedented temperatures.联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯在最近的新年致辞中表示，世界已经“忍受了十年的致命高温”，2024年标志着十年前所未有的高温达到顶峰。WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo described the year 2024 as a sobering wake-up call. "Every fraction of a degree of warming matters, and increases climate extremes, impacts and risks," she said.世界气象组织秘书长席列斯特·绍罗认为2024年是令人警醒的一年。“升温的每一度都很重要，都会增加气候的极端性、影响和风险，”她说。Yu Li, another researcher at the National Climate Center, warned that a 1 C increase in the average temperature could lead to significant and widespread effects on ecosystems. This 1 C increase is associated with an approximately 2.3-meter rise in sea level over time, threatening coastal ecosystems, she noted.国家气候中心另一位研究员于莉警告说，平均气温上升1℃可能会对生态系统产生重大而广泛的影响。她指出，这1℃的上升与长期内海平面上升约2.3米有关，威胁着沿海生态系统。"Rising temperatures affect the genetic diversity of wild crop species and increase the prevalence of pests. Some species may face extinction due to their inability to adapt to rapid climate changes," Yu said.于莉说：“气温上升影响了野生作物品种的遗传多样性，并加剧了害虫的肆虐。一些物种可能因无法适应快速的气候变化而面临灭绝。”A study shows that a 1.58 C rise in the average global surface temperature could lead to the extinction of over 10 percent of species, she added.她补充说，一项研究表明，全球地表平均气温上升1.58℃可能导致超过10%的物种灭绝。Qin Yun, a senior engineer at the National Climate Center, emphasized the impact of rising temperatures on human activities such as agricultural production.国家气候中心高级工程师秦云强调了气温上升对农业生产等人类活动的影响。"Some regions may see temporary increase in crop yields due to warmer temperatures. However, in the long term, agricultural production will likely face greater fluctuations and potential declines," Qin said.秦云说：“气温升高可能会使一些地区作物产量暂时增加。然而从长远来看，农业生产可能会面临更大波动和潜在减产。”Uneven precipitation patterns caused by global warming could lead to decreased rainfall in some areas, resulting in water shortages. "It's estimated that a 1 C rise could increase the number of people affected by water scarcity by 400 million to 1.7 billion," Qin said.全球变暖导致降水模式不均，可能会使一些地区降雨量减少，造成水资源短缺。秦云说：“据估计，气温每上升1℃可能会导致受水资源短缺影响的人数增加4亿至17亿。”Rising temperatures also elevate the risks of heat-related illnesses such as heatstroke and heat exhaustion, contributing to higher mortality rates, she added.她补充说，气温上升还会增加中暑和热衰竭等热相关疾病发生的风险，导致死亡率上升。The year 2025 has also begun with warmer-than-average temperatures. On Wednesday afternoon, much of the area south of the Yangtze River experienced temperatures exceeding 15 C, which is far from the biting cold typically expected during winter.2025年也以高于平均水平的气温开始。1月1日下午，长江以南大部分地区的气温超过15℃，与冬季通常的严寒相去甚远。A cold front for the whole country was forecast from Jan 2, but due to its weak intensity, most areas will experience above-average temperatures despite some mild fluctuations until Jan 12, the National Climate Center said.据国家气候中心称，全国性寒潮预计从1月2日开始，由于强度较弱，尽管气温会有小幅波动，但大部分地区的气温仍将高于平均水平，直至1月12日。Researcher Shi said that extreme heat events in China are projected to increase in frequency, with longer duration and broader impact.研究员石英表示，预计我国极端高温事件发生频率更高、持续时间更长、影响范围更广。"Under high emission scenarios, an extreme heat event that currently occurs once in 50 years could occur every one or two years by the end of the 21st century," Shi said.石英说：“在高排放情景下，目前50年一遇的极端高温事件到21世纪末可能变为1-2年一遇。”She suggested developing early-warning systems for climate risks, focusing on the spatial-temporal patterns of extreme events such as heat waves. "We need to conduct detailed assessments of the impacts of extreme weather events on key sectors."她建议建立气候风险早期预警系统，重点关注热浪等极端事件的时空格局。“我们需要详细评估极端气候事件对关键行业产生的影响。”Measures should also be taken to develop monitoring and risk-warning technologies, as well as for enhancing societal resilience to climate change, she added.她补充说，还应采取措施开发气候监测和风险预警技术，并增强社会对气候变化的适应能力。variabilityn.多变性